Shot



Jan. 1, 1935. v s; A. TENISON 1,986,681

SHOT

Filed July 9, 1934 2 sheets-Sheet 1 :E: :ri-.. l

1 IN VEN TOR. T 7 gimelf'edjfusoza,

ATTORNEYS.

Jan. 1, 1935. s A TENISON 1,986,687

` SHOT Filed July 9, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1:1; Esi.. E

J5 50 62 507g 2:4 i gva? 0^ fici-.1U

` INVENTOR. 66 Again# el%edfyu`saia,

?Lw zum l wv ATTORNEYS.

i ,invention -22 'claim the Lathletic Iieldenentfof putting theushotn i These zshot are re1atiye1y1 heavy smailaisphenes employed in .;eight, :sten 1 and :twelve :ponndl-sizes for high school events and sixteenpoondesizes for college 1eyents1. l lane customarily con? zstrncted ,from a sandinolded metal snellilled with 1a `weigh tins :materiahsnonlas lead-1 shot ofthe prionart is eonstruatednas statedroi a generally spherical shell eas. inra sand lmold and accordingly secu 'ne a f shell is diicult, ti

` shells are cast with one `:or:fmoref suitable openl vis ings into which may ibefpoured-fm0ltenllead to ll the interfielgandnrorid sity. When such-shot are .not be adiustedloroniro1- e4 `hei except by I,drilling out, ra fp tion-.oi the y port-eilt d sphere. Itis extremely that il? be kent at the properywe .balanced `fo wie` snot n must benveighed before he `r nized .and,if lfound to n. the' rules ;require, .the

,re cognized.` normal us is gradually worn-bylaw d; 'it Lire og lil itcomes mtocontactl, y vreduces its 'Weight materially, but y the shells of .thepriorartf itiskd trol the weight, 1 sinc`tl1e linter .completely filled and the sho in bediscarded.

This difficulty Viny :ldllt'lon shot of `the prior art .and its dis been recognized and previsioni controlling the weight hasbeen made'hy'incomplete' "f this generally sphercal'shell w liftljie w ightihg material. 'By this means it"has'beenjj po`ssib"le to remove the closure cap and add asin'all 4mount of weighting materiali Since the shel not completely filled, but space VifFlefton-onesida 4 'the original shot jasl"manufactured *denitely unbalanced `and `the `additioz-i')ofyfiirtherf loose Weighting material -does-not'inprove I"the balance .of it v i c l y The act of putting the `relatively heavylsphere, -requires Va" rat-her high ldegreeof skill 'fin Jproperl-y 56 holding the 1 shot `the hand and propelling lift forward by la 4combi-nation :of armand lbody'exerletion. 'The shot,"` after leaving Lthe lhand de!- scribes aitrajec'tory which iswtolsome L extent,

controlled by Ithebalance .of the sphere.j lin'fxthe shot .now Kemployed and' know-n' ftothe `fpriornaatt, :no v l-prlowision .was made :for lloalanoing lori conl-` strollingthefbalance oi-theshot and, as a result, .-many'were decidedly unbalanced,` resulting `in marked; :deviation afromfa normal o,r `-pr0p e 1' ztzraiectory. 4Itnis accordinglyiamong the l Obiects of this invention to. provide ,a perectly'spherieal shot.

untherobjectincludes .the vprovision of a, shotmhioh may be readily controlled as to total Weight. i l

-Amadditional `fobject includes the provision of I'a shot'which maybe readily a-ndhaccujrately 'conltrolled as to balance, l 1 important ob-ject is the 1provision of .a shot with 4 a die cast shell whereby `a .perfect sphere may be obtained Whchmay also be provided `with apsslightly roughened ssuriace. l -A-notner vobject istdprovide a unitary nsteel-die .cast .shell with integral receptacles `or cylinders for :the reception of4 Weighting and balancing material. l, A Y n 'ilihesewobjectsindividually and in combination, aas Wel-llas o ther `objectswhich will be .apparent @om f thehseguent description, are all-embraced within this invention, the preferred embodiment of Whi h isillustratedin the'raccompanyingorawfines, wherein; p Figure 1 1 is ga View complete snot;

,1 :Figure ;3 ;is\ a cross -isection View of :the inner FigureAisa cross sectionlooking in the direc.-` tion of the arrows of l Figures 5, 46 and 'yare yplan,sicle and 4section .views ofthe,closurecap, ;respectively;

1 y Eigure-S is a view-of the dielemployed in -castfing the inner hemispherical shellsshownasj oined Figure 9 is aoross section View of the die used forfgcasting the outer-shell on the inner -joined shemisplleres; and

fg'urenlis a cross section along the line X-X l.

.of Figi 9-,` flocking y ingthe ydirection of the arrows.

The embodiment of; the invention as --illusatratedginhg. :1 icomprises animer shell 2` conn p osedaof twolhemispheres .4 and 6, preferably 'preparedinrthelmanner hereinafter :described -in cwnnection` mtheFig. L8. f ,'Ihese two hemispheres Lane suitably-:joined at-fthepointf and-mayorm a;:complated sne l1,` :but alsually an lauter shell, hereinafter described, is used withtheinner shell.

'Each henspnereris preferably integltallyioastmth the section line IV-.Il o f f 'cylinder such as 30, or, if desired, another opend cylinders and 12, respectively, said cylinders 10 and 12 being generally identical except that adjacent one of the cylinders, as for example 12, lare provided openings 14 and 16. L

The cylinders 10 and 12 are, as stated above, preferably cast integral with the hemispheres `of the inner shell, but, as will be apparent, they may be otherwise cast in connection with the shell ormay be suitably inserted in this or other types of shellgas may be desired.',By attaching such cylinders, or similar concave, reentrant receptacles to ordinary shells, it is possible to secure some of the advantages of one feature of the present invention.

Surrounding the inner shell'formed from the two hemispheres 4 and 6 vmay be anouter {substantially continuous sphere 20. This outer sphere may be provided with a slightlyroughened vsurface 21 formed in the manner hereinafter de-Q scribed. The outer shell 20 is also provided with .suitable openings 22 for the reception of closure caps24, which are so formed v'as to present a continuous .surface with that of the sphere when they are in place. The caps may be attached to the outer shellby screw threads 26 or other fastening means. In order to screw thevcaps 24 into place, suitable means, such for example as` Spanner wrench openings 28, may be provided in the outer surface of the caps.

The receptacles, or, more speciiically, cylinders V1O`and 12, are designed for the recepticnof weighting and balancing material, and for this purpose are preferably provided with a plurality of, holes 30 to receiveindividual weighting and balancing'units' Asfillustrated, there are four such holes uniformly place'dfin each cylinder. It will be obviousthat'instead of four uniformly positioned yholes,'a` largerfnumber, as for example'five, in which one holeA isfdirectly in the center of the cylinder and may be of larger'or V'smaller size than the others,may be provided. The central holes, under such conditions, are used y primarily when it is intended only to increase the throughthe Aopenings in the outer shelland are held in their proper position at the bottom of the holes by compression springs 34vplaced under slight compression' rwhen the closure caps 24 are screwed into place. The interior of the shell is lled with 'a primary weighting material 36 which may be introduced as a molten liquid through the; slot openving'16. Y Molten primary` weighting material is poured through the slot opening 16, the air escaping throughthe air hole 14, u ntill it cornpletely lls-the center of the' sphere and' also the' slot opening 16 and the air holeV 14,1' as shown in Fig. 1. By placing these openings at the `iilled with molten' material which resultsin a fsubstantially,ralthough possibly n'ot completely,

balanced unit. Obviously,- these openingsmight be substituted by openings placed elsewhere as,

for example, at the bottom of an opening in the might be provided in the shell itself, `but these arenot as desirable as the preferred open-'- ings' 14 and 16.' 2- i.. ,n

Themethod of preparing the die cast outer shell and the means whereby this method may be carried out is illustrated more particularly in Figs. 8 and 9, the former showing in crosssection thel apparatus for preparing the inner shell composed of the two hemispheres with their attendant integrally cast cylinders. This apparatus comprises a stationary die block 50 with concavities 52 of the dimensions corresponding to those of the hemispheres 4 and 6. Near the circumferential edge of one cavity 52 is provided a Ashoulder54 which leaves an outer annular groove around this portion to join with the other hemisphere which is provided with a corresponding inner annular groove by the shoulder 56. The hemispherical cavities 52 are substantially filled With cores 58 and 59 which define spaces 60 within which the inner hemispheres are cast. In the cores 58 and 59- are cylindrical openings 62 in which are formed the cylinders 10 and 12. A suitable opening in the stationary die block 50 permits the entry of the movable cores 64 and 65 provided with circular'extensions 66 that correspond to the openings 30 in the cylinders 10 or 12.

The core 59 is substantially identical with core 58 except that, as stated'above, it is provided with a shoulder 55 corresponding to the shoulder 54 on the die block. The movable core 65 is otherwise substantially identical with 64 and is provided-with extensions 15 and 17 to make the air hole vand weighting material introduction slot,

respectively. Cores 58 and 59 are held in proper position by am'ovable die block 68.

With the apparatus assembled as shown in Fig. 8, molten metal or alloys amenable to steel die casting operations, as for example, Zamak metal, an alloy of zinc, copper, aluminum and magnesium, is introduced through the opening where it iiows upwardunder' suitable pressure to dividing'passageways 72 and 74. These passages 72 and .74 conduct the metal to the spaces 60 and formtwo hemispheres with integral cylinders.

When the die cast hemispheres have been removedfrozn the dies, they'are joined as shown in Fig. 3, by .forcing the two hemispheres together at their point o f juncture 8 wherein the inner and outer'annular grooves coact. There is thusy formed a substantially Aspherical shell from the two hemispheres with` their integral cylinders or receptacles. e f g 'Ihis inner sphere is then cast around with a vunitary sphericalA shell inthe manner illustrated in Fig.`9. I The inner two piece spherical shell 2 is supported in a steel die block by means of two movable .cores 82 and 84. The die block 80 is vprovided with a. spherical cavity 86 corresponding in dimensions tothe outer shell 20. The movable coreV 82 is provided with extensions 88 to partially fill ther openings 30 in the cylinder 10 andftherebl'y prevent molten metal from filling the holes. A-suitable facing 90 on the core forms a recessfor the screwcap 24.

The movable core 84 is substantially identical with 82 except that it has additional projections `92 and v94 to fill the air hole and weighting material introduction slot, respectively, that were formed in the inner shell and to continue said hole and jslot through a portion of the outer shell. With the various parts arranged as illustrated in Fig. 9, molten metal amenable to die casting as, for example, ZamakA metal, described above, is introducedthrough the opening 96 and iills the cavity between the inner shell 2 and the die 86 except where limited-by the movable cores 82 and 84.L The outer .shell being cast -as a complete o s 1 noting the amount and position of the unbalance messer .y niche 'sphere is east ai smoothste1 -dia the surfacel will be smooth ittma'y remain smocvxth;`

but' it alsozbe ld'esirable to ipinovide: the shot with` a slightly. roughenedfsurface" 'which can be readily accomplishedrin `preparirigathegshot ac'- cording` nto the n teachings; Vof this invention by roughening `the exterior" surfaceof` the. cavity 86 ingit until it is moltenl and then introducing; 'it

`hands of thea'thlete. .l

by striking :the sixirface` with., a` small l instrument, on the end fofwhich aresmallprojections` These indentations on the die will'malteprotrusions similant'o a sand blast TonC thel `surface`, ofthe shell.' The haracter of` this; surfaceis indicatedfat 21,

Figure!y 1 arid-uis generally similar" to that` of. a` sand blast; addingtmaterially, tto'.- .tlffelv alimeara'nceV and giving theshotl a` more sat'isi'actory".` Sfeel.` the j l' Thelv die castingfoperationtas; carriedjontiri` the apparatus illustratedlin Fig.- 9` produces a perfect'-` ly spherical shellSgenerallysimilar to that shown inFig.' `1,JeXc`ept for, the primaryI and." secondary weighting material`,screw caps andispring members. Theshelllmaynow be lled with suitable weighting 'material as; for example, lead; by heatthrough thefslot" 16, whil'efairis permitted to flow ing material` is introducedi to= completely fill the interioroflthel shell .and alsothev slot r16 and air holey 14. ...Such molten-material upon: cooling will contract slightly andi rmly' grip the. cylinders 10 and 1-2,` whereby' it isA absolutely stationary withthe'shell andwillinotmove around.. l y A `iuitable 'screw threads 2 61 arethenf made inthe opening provided lfor thefscrew capsV If the screw caps arenowfS-putfinilplace, the shotwill Ibe complete, substantiallybalanced," butprobably light-A er than regulations require; To bring thefshot'up toA proper weight?, thercaps24 are removed and a suitable' number of weighting members asc for ex'- ample, balls `3i2 lareinsertedainequal numbersy into each cylinder liland12a-nd divided arr-long` the openings thereof. If the shotis not accurately balanced-arlar`ger 'numberf'of weighting and balancing members B'Z'may be inserted into one or more openings 30, as `for example 33, to accurately balance the shot. The properopening 30into which the additional balancing member or meml bers 33 are to be inserted can be determined by in the shot. r

If, after long use, theshot is reduced in weight additional weighting members may be added, if

i desired, taking care, of course, to again accurately-balance the shot.

The invention has been particularly described with referenceto a preferred embodiment, which is to be considered as illustrative and `not limiting, the invention being limitedonlyby the prior art andthe scope of `the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A shot for the athletic field event of putting,

d the shot, comprising a hollow die cast outer shell containing a weighting material. f 2. A shot for the athletic lfield event of -putting the shot, comprising a die cast outer shell containing a primary weighting material, and

' independent means for controlling the total weight of the shot. i

3. A shot for the athletic field event of putting the shot, comprising a die cast outer shell containing a primary weighting material, Vand independent means for controlling the balance of the shot. l

With that Offthe shell.

A. shotforthe athletic iiel'd event.` of' putting the-shot,y comprising a dieicastfouter shell containing a primary weighting material l and,` independent meansyforucontrolling the total; weight and balance of the: shot.. l i

f5. Afshot' forzthe athleticleld event of putting the shot, comprisinga hollow shell', aprimary weighting: material within said' shell andai-recep- .tacle` projecting inwardlycfrom the shell adapted togreceive weightingandibalancing material'.` L

f 6.'.A` shotfor the athletic field` event of putting the shot comprising a;y hollow die cast shell, a pri-- `mary weighting material* within' saida shelll and a receptacle projecting, inwardly -fromltheshell adapted to receive weighting :and balancing material. v

l 7f.: Ashot fonthe athletic field eventof putting the shot comprising `a hollow shell, a primary weighting material 'withinthe shell, concave `re- ',oesses in theishellfto :receive balancing and: additionalgwei'ghting. material. i

, ,l 8'.W A'Jdie cast` spherical shell for a shot employed in the fieldieventrof putting the, shot comprising,

han inner shell formed from-.two die cast hemispheres andanvouter shell cast around the inner shell provided with a circular opening, a cylindrical receptacle extending inwardly from the opening o n the surface of. said shell andprovided with holes, weighting and balancing balls within the holes` in said cylindrical receptacle, springs tourgesaid weighting andbalancing balls toward the bottom ofthe holes,y a closure for `the v opening in said shell to bear against lthe springs,

a spherical surface `on said closure to form a r continuous surface` with that of said shell, and primary weighting material within said shell.

indentations and protrusions on the die.

12. A shot for the athletic eld event of putting the shot comprising a hollow die cast shell provided with a slightly roughened surface cor,`

responding to indentationsand protrusions on 11. A shot for the athleticeld event of puttingl the shot comprising a hollow die cast shell with a slightly roughened surface corresponding to the die, a primary weighting material within said shell and a receptacle projecting inwardly from the shell adapted to receive weighting and balancing material.

the shot comprising a hollow spherical die cast shell provided with a plurality of circular openings, cylindrical 'receptacles extending inwardly from the openings on the surface of said shell and provided with holes, weighting and balancing balls `within the holes in said cylindrical receptacles, springs to urge said weighting and balancing balls toward the bottom of the holes, closures for the openings in said shell `,to bear against the springs, a `spherical surface on said closures to form a continuous surface with that of` said shell, and primary weighting material within said shell.

` 14. A shot for the athletic eld event of putl 13. A shot for the athletic eld event of putting ting the shot comprising a hollow spherical die cast shell provided. with a plurality. ofcircular openings, saidispherical shelll including an inner v shell formed from two die cast hemispheres'iand an outer shell cast around said inner shell, 'cylin.

drical receptacles extending inwardly from .the

, openings on the surface of saidgshell and provided .with holes, weighting `and balancing balls withinthe holes in said cylindrical receptacles,

springs to urge said weightingxand balancingl shell. f

' 115.A shot vfor the athletic field event of putting they shot comprising a hollow spherical die cast' shell vprovided with diametrically opposed circular openings, cylindrical receptacles extend ing inwardly from the openings on the surface of said shell and provided with holes', weighting and balancing balls rwithinsaid holes in'said cylindrical receptacles, springs vto urge saidv weighting and balancing balls toward the bottom of said holes, closures for the opening infsaid shell to bear'against the springs, a spherical surface on said closure to form av continuous surface with that of said shell, and primary vweighting material within said shell;l

16. A shot for the athletic eld'event of pnt-f ting the'shot comprising a shell, primary weighting material within the shell, 1a reentrant rei ceptacle communicating with an openingA in said shell, for receiving additional weighting and balancing material, and a detachable closure for said receptacle.

I y1'?. A shot for the athletic-field event of putting the shotcomprising a two part'shell, means for joining theftwo parts of said shell, primary `weighting material within thefshell, a reentrant receptacle communicating with an opening in saidl shell, forl receiving additional weighting and balancing-material, and a detachable'closure for saidv receptacle. f l A one .of which is integrally cast with a reentrant receptacle. and-one with. an` aperture forvthe insertion ,of primary weighting material, joining the two partszof the diecast shell, introducing primary weighting material into the shell, adjusting theiweight 4and balance of the shot by inserting additional, Weighting `and balancing materialin the,,reentrantereceptacle and closing said;receptaclew I j 19. The process of; making :ashot fortheathletic eldA event of putting the shot comprising die casting, anpinner` shell in two'portions at leastoneLof which isintegrallycast with a reentrant receptacle and onev with an aperture for the insertion of `primary weighting material, joininggthe `two parts of the diecast shell, die casting a substantially complete sphere around the inner shell, introducing primary weighting material into the completed shell, adjusting the weight and balance of the shot by inserting additional weightingy and balancing-material into Vthe reentrant receptacle and closing said re- 20. Theprocess ofmaking a hollowv spherical shell for a shotyused in` the athleticeld event of putting the shotycomprising die-casting an inner shell in; two portions, ljoining the two por-` tions of ythe, inner shell, ,and die-casting, a sub--` stantially complete sphere around the inner shell.

21. The process of makinga shot for the athletic eld eventof puttingl the shot, which comprises dieecastingthe` shell` in a die provided withnindentations and -protrusions arranged in a predetermined manner lto produce a slightly roughened surface on the shell corresponding to the indentations and protrusions on the die.

22.1Ashot` for the athletic event of putting the shot, comprising aA hollow inner shellvof two complementary'portions and an outer one piece substantially completely-spherical shell enveloping said inner-shell.v Y Y i SAMUEL'ALFRED TENISON. 

